． In the following conversation: --Beirut is in Peru, isn't it? --A-考呗网

专八

单选题 ． In the following conversation:
--Beirut is in Peru, isn't it?
--And Rome is in Romania, I suppose．
The second person violates the ____

A．Quantity Maxim
B．Quality Maxim
C．Relation Maxim
D．Manner Maxim

参考答案：C进入在线模考

语言学实例分析。美国哲学家格莱斯(H．P．Grice)：通过研究发现，当人们进行交流时，为了使谈话顺利进行以及达到特定的目的，说话人和听话人之间存在一定的默契，他们遵照一种心照不宣的协议。格莱斯将之称为合作原则(Cooperative Principle)。合作原则要求每一个参与谈话者在整个交谈过程中所说的话符合交谈的目标或方向。具体包括四条准则：(1)数量准则(QuantityMaxim)；(2)质量准则(QualityMaxim)；(3)关系准贝lJ(Relation Maxim)；(4)方式准贝lJ(MannerMaxim)。数量准则要求我们说话时所传递的信息应适量，不多也不少；质量准则要求提供的信息有充分依据，说的话具有真实性；关
系准则要求说话切题，不说和话题无关的话；方式准则要求话语清晰有序、简明扼要，不要用语义含糊的词语，避免冗词赘句。此处第一句说“贝鲁特在秘鲁，是吗”，第二句没有直接回答“是或不是”，而说“我猜罗马在罗马尼亚”，回答者显然违背了关系准则。违背合作原则并不一定是坏事，有时是讲话者有意而为之，为的是产生特定的语用效果。例如在本句中，回答者用“罗马显然不在罗马尼亚”来暗示“贝鲁特不在秘鲁”。

你可能感兴趣的试题

1 Theme and Rheme are terms in _____of syntax．

A．the Traditional Approach
B．the Structural Approach
C．the Functional Approach
D．the Generative Approach

点击查看答案进入在线模考

2 Lexeme is _____

A．a physically definable unit
B．the common factor underlying a set of forms
C．a grammatical unit
D．an indefinable unit

点击查看答案进入在线模考

3回答题
Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimately
have political and economical causes: it is not due simply to the bad      41.______
influence of this or that individual writer. But an effect can become of 42._____
a cause, reinforce the original cause and producing the same effect      43._____
in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take drink    44._____
because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the most    45._____
completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that is happening
to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccurate
because our thoughts are foolish, but the sloven of our language         46._____
makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the
process is irreversible. Modem English, especially written English,     47._____
is full of bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be
avoided if one is willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets
rid of these habits one can think more clearly, and think clearly is a     48._____
necessary first step towards political regeneration: so that the fight
against bad English is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concerning   49.____
of professional writers. I will come back to this present, and I hope     50.____
by that time the meaning of what I have said here will have become clearer.
第（41）题____________

点击查看答案进入在线模考