专八

简答题As a probing psychologist he is the unrivalled master among all living British and American novelists. Neither do any of his colleagues possess his fantastic imaginative powers and his ability to create characters. His subhumanand superhuman figures, tragic or comic in a macabre way, emerge from his mind with a reality that few existing people--even those nearest to us--can give us, and they move in a milieu whose odors of subtropical plants, ladies'perfumes, Negro sweat, and the smell of horses and mules penetrate immediately even into a Scandinavian's warmand cosy den. As a painter of landscapes he has the hunter's intimate knowledge of his own hunting-ground, the top ographer's accuracy, and the impressionist's sensitivity. Moreover-side by side with Joyce and perhaps evenmore so--Faulkner is the great experimentalist among twentieth-century novelists. Scarcely two of his novels are similar technically. It seems as if by this continuous renewal he wanted to achieve the increased breadth which his limited world, both in geography and in subject matter, cannot give him.

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福克纳是一名善于观察的心理学家,在众多仍然在世的英美小说家当中,他堪称是无人匹敌的大师。他的同行当中无人具有他那非凡的想象力以及塑造人物的能力。在以死亡为主题的悲剧或喜剧中,福克纳塑造的那些近似人类而又超乎人类的人物都来源于他对现实的观察,而这些现实即使是我们身边最贴近的人都很少有人能够提供如此真实的信息。这些人物在一个混杂了亚热带植物的清香、女人香水的芳香、黑人汗水的体香和骡马臭味的环境中活动,这股气味甚至可以立即弥漫到斯堪的纳维亚的一间温暖舒适的小房子里。作为一名风景画画家,福克纳具有猎人般熟知猎场的能力、地形学家精确的判断力和印象派画家的敏感力。此外,福克纳还是二十世纪伟大的实验主义小说家,与乔伊斯并列,甚至可能要强于乔伊斯。在他的小说当中,没有任何两部小说在写作手法上是相似的。似乎正是通过这种不断的更新,福克纳才可以获得他想要的创作广度,而这种广度是他所处的缺乏创见的世界(无论是主观的还是客观的世界)所不能给予他的。
【题材来源】
“Biography”(by William Faulkner)
【难点注释】
1.aprobingpsychologist:一名善于观察的心理学家。probin9涞源于动词probe,表示“寻根究底的,寻求真理的”。
2.theunrivalledmaster:无人匹敌的大师。unrivalled来源于动词rival,rival的意思是“与……匹敌”,rivalled则表示“能与……匹敌的”,故unrivalled的意思是“无人匹敌的”。
3.His subhuman and superhuman figures:他塑造的那些近似人类而又超乎人类的人物。这里要结合上下文,不能直接按照字面翻译成“他的近似人类而又超乎人类的人物”。
4.  odors of subtropical plants,ladies’perfumes,Negro sweat,and the smell of horses and mules:亚热带植物的清香、女人香水的芳香、黑人汗水的体香和骡马臭味。此处要注意odor后的介词词组中并列了三个名词短语,但是在翻译时如果重复“香味”这个词三遍,则显得很单调、Ⅱ罗嗦,而且也不符合汉语的习惯,所以要译成三个不同的单词:清香、芳香、体香。
5.Scarcely two of his novels are similar technically:在他的小说当中,没有任何两部小说在写作手法上是相似的。seareely是一个表示否定含义的副词,所以在翻译时要体现出这一层含义。

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