专八

简答题
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

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SECTION B  ENGLISH TO CHINESE

[参考译文]
我发现人若大部分时间用于独处,将有益身心。与人为伴,即使是挚友,也很快会有厌倦或虚度光阴的感觉。我喜欢独处,我发现没有比独处更好的伴侣了。在极大程度上,出国身在熙攘人群中要比退守陋室更让人寂寞。一个人在思考和工作时总是孤身一人,无论他在什么地方都是一样。独处与否也不是由人与人之间的距离来确定的。在剑桥苦读的学子虽身处蜂巢般拥挤的教室,实际上却和沙漠中的苦行僧一样,是在独处。农民终日在田问或林中劳作,锄地或砍柴,此时他虽孤独却并不寂寞,因为他专注于工作……
【题材来源】
"Solitude" (by Henry David Thoreau)
【难点注释】
1.wholesome:健全的;有益健康的。
2.To be in company,even with the best,is soon wearisome and dissipatin9:in comlpany是固定搭配,意为“与人为伴”;evenwiththebest中best后面省略company,表示“即使是挚友(陪伴)”;wearisome意为“使疲倦的;使厌倦的”;dissipating意为“浪费(金钱或时间)的;虚度光阴的”。
3.companionable:适于做朋友的;好交往的。
4.We are for the most part more lonely when we go abroad among men than when we stay in our chambers:在极大程度上,出国身在熙攘人群中要比退守陋室更让人寂寞。forthemostpart是固定搭配,意为“在极大程度上”;amongmen理解为“在人群之中”;chamber意为“房间,卧室”,引申为“陋室”。
5.the crowded hives:拥挤的蜂巢。原文是将剑桥的教室比做拥挤的蜂巢,译为“身处蜂巢般拥挤的教室”。
6.dervish:伊斯兰教的托钵僧,苦修僧人。
7.hoe:锄地;锄头。
8.because he is employed.此处不能译成“因为他被雇佣了”,根据上下文要译成“因为他专注于工作”。

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In the United States, charter schools provide alternatives to "regular" public schools. Unlike most publicschools, charters don't usually have an enrollment boundary and can recruit students from a larger geographic area.
Ⅰ. Features of charter schools
1) admission process
— no discrimination
— a random of method like a ( 1 )__________
2) many different shapes
— to cater to (2) __________
— to offer a thematic or specialized curriculum
— to provide an alternative to regular public school
3) location
-- more likely to be found in (3) __________ areas
4) management
— run by large and small companies, parents, teachers, community groups and nonprofit organizations
5) size
— most charter schools are new and (4) __________
6) academic results
— Charter schools don't necessarily produce better academic results than regular public schools.
Ⅱ. Funding of charter schools
1) mostly from the state, generally based on their (5) __________
2) also from grants and additional donations for ambitious programs not fully funded y state/district formulas3) also a limited amount of (6) __________ to help start new chatter schools
4) Funding for facilities can be a (7) __________for charter schools.
Ⅲ. Monitoring of charter schools
1) authorizers
— (8) __________ that grant schools their charter, and monitor their performance— including charter boards, school boards and (9) __________
2) key reasons schools close
— They can't recruit enough students.
— They can't find a stable space to operate.
— They can't manage their (10) __________
__________.