第55题选 -考呗网

公共英语四级

单选题第55题选

本题是列举、举例关系题。该空格位于第五段末尾。空格前一句话提到，有些持文化传播论的人类学家将重要的文化成果归功于几个民族，尤其是那些有着天赋的民族的发明创造，之后再传播到其他文化中。而G选项的内容由“for example”引出一个例子，即为文化传播论的观点提供了例证。且其中的“diffused throughout the world'’与空格前的“spread to other cul-tures”这个信息相关。

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1根据下面资料，回答题
56) While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern prac-tice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the signifi-cant events of the past. Caught in the web of its own time and place, each generation of historians determines anew what is significant for it in the past. In this search the evidence found is always in-complete and scattered； it is also frequently partial or partisan. The irony of the historians craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process.
Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy, the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an un-derstanding of the past. Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world.
57 ) During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodol-ogies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study. Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in ´the historical profession.
58 ) There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. His-torians, especially those so blinded by their research intereststhat they have been accused of "tunnel method", frequently fall victim to the" technicist fallacy".59)Also common in the natmal sciences,the technicist fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation.
60)It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources. And to social science historians who equate their activity with specific tech-niques.
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