专四

单选题 Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A．Strain of Stress: No Way Out?
B．Responses to Stress: Gender Difference
C．Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say
D．Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress

参考答案：D进入在线模考
D。本题考查文章主旨，应着眼于全文。本文主要是谈女性比男性更易遭受压力，这些压力往往具有持久性，且由于生理的原因，女性在面对压力时分泌的可能导致抑郁的化学物质又比较多，也就是说在压力面前．男性和女性是不平等的，故D项作为题目最合适。

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1根据以下资料,回答题:
        It is generally agreed that the first true cities appeared about 5,000 years ago in the food-producing communities of the Middle East．The cities of Sumeria, E．gypt and the Indus Valley possessed a number of characteristics which distinguished them a truly urban area．The cities were very much larger and more densely populated than any previous settlement, and their function was clearly differentiated from that of the surrounding villages．In the cities the old patterns of kinship relations were replaced by a complex, hierarchy of social classes based on the specialization of labor．Moreover, the need to keep records led to the development of writing and arithmetic, and the increased sophistication of urban society gave a new impetus to artistic expression of every kind．
When the basis of city life was established in Europe and the urban tradition was drown from the ancient cities of the Middle East via the civilizations of Greece and Rome, we can trace three main phases in the growth of the West European city．The first of these is the medieval phase, which extends from the beginning of the 1lth century A．D．to about 1500．The second is the renaissance and Baroque phase which can be traced from about 1500 to the beginning of the 19th century．The third is the modem phase, extending from the early 19th century to the present day．
Every medieval city began as a small settlement which grew up round a geographical or cultural focal point．
         This would often be a permanent structure such as a stronghold, a cathedral or a large church．In districts where　travel and trade were well established, it might be a market, a river crossing, or a place where two or more trade routes met．In studies of urban geography other oldest part of a town is referred to as the nuclear settlement．There are many small towns in Europe where it is still, possible to trace the outline of the original nuclear settlement．It is, of course, much more difficult to do this in the case if a large modem city which has grown to many times its original size．

The ancient cities were characterized by all the following EXCEPT __________

A．larger populations
B．different locations
C．different roles
D．different social classes

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2 The need to keep records and the increased sophistication of urban society contribute to the development of the following EXCEPT __________

A．writing
B．arithmetic
C．art expression
D．agriculture

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3 Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

A．West European cities established their own urban tradition．
B．West European cities grew directly out of those in the Middle East．
C．Cities appeared earlier in the Middle East than in Greece and Rome．
D．West European and Middle East cities went through the same phases．

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